Space ScienceUnderstanding Aphelion and Perihelion: Earth’s Orbital Extremes
Aphelion and perihelion are two significant points in Earth’s elliptical orbit around the Sun. These points mark the closest and farthest distances between our planet and the Sun, affecting the amount of solar energy Earth receives.
Aphelion:
– Farthest point from the Sun (around early July)
– Distance: approximately 94.5 million miles (152 million kilometers)
Perihelion:
– Closest point to the Sun (around early January)
– Distance: approximately 91.5 million miles (147 million kilometers)
The variation in distance between Earth and the Sun has a subtle impact on climate and weather patterns. Notably, the aphelion point typically occurs around July 3-6 every year. This year, Earth reached aphelion on July 3, 2025, at 20:54 BST (19:54 UT) or 3:54 pm ET, with a distance of approximately 94.5 million miles (152.1 million kilometers) between Earth and the Sun.
Key Details:
1. Impact on Weather: Minimal direct impact due to Earth’s 23.5-degree axial tilt governing seasons.
2. Solar Radiation: About 7% less radiation received compared to perihelion (closest point to the Sun).
It’s essential to note that aphelion’s effects on Earth’s climate are subtle, and the planet’s tilt plays a more significant role in determining seasons. Understanding these orbital extremes helps us better appreciate the complexities of our planet’s relationship with the Sun.
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